Vaccines for preventing cholera: killed whole cell or other subunit vaccines (injected)

Protection against cholera from killed whole-cell oral cholera vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Killed whole-cell oral cholera vaccines (kOCVs) are becoming a standard cholera control and prevention tool. However, vaccine efficacy and direct effectiveness estimates have varied, with differences in study design, location, follow-up duration, and vaccine composition posing challenges for public health decision making. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to generate avera...

Development of new African horsesickness cell culture killed vaccines

Cholera vaccines.

Cholera causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. For travelers, the risk of developing cholera per month of stay in a developing country is approximately 0.001%-0.01%, and cholera may present as traveler's diarrhea. In the United States, only a poorly tolerated, marginally effective, parenterally administered, phenol-inactivated vaccine is available. Outside the United States, 2 ad...

Efficacy of whole-cell killed bacterial vaccines in preventing pneumonia and death during the 1918 influenza pandemic.

BACKGROUND Most deaths in the 1918 influenza pandemic were caused by secondary bacterial pneumonia. METHODS We performed a systematic review and reanalysis of studies of bacterial vaccine efficacy (VE) in preventing pneumonia and mortality among patients with influenza during the 1918 pandemic. RESULTS A meta-analysis of 6 civilian studies of mixed killed bacterial vaccines containing pneum...

Oral vaccines against cholera.

The current seventh pandemic of cholera, caused by serogroup O1, El Tor biotype, has now involved almost the entire developing world. The ongoing dynamic epidemiology of cholera, involving evolution of new strains, prolonged and more frequent epidemics, increased antimicrobial resistance, and awareness of the role of climate change upon the global burden has returned cholera to the forefront of...